# Noemi Cabrera # 9 November 2021 # In this lesson, I learned how to use .readline() to read data from file one line at a time # and how to use .strip() to remove new line characters and other whitespaces. Both methods # are helpful to use with while and for loops in code. Also, any string method can be applied # to the lines of the file once the readline() method has been used because they are loaded as strings. # I didn't have any difficulties in this lesson.

# [In this code, a file is imported into this notebook using the curl statement. The file # is named poem1.txt ] Run to download file poem1.txt !curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/poem1.txt -o poem1.txt

# [ In this code, the previous imported file is opened in read mode using the open() method. This is stored in # the poem1 variable. ] review and run example # open address to file poem1 = open('poem1.txt', 'r')

# [ In this code, the readline() method is used to read lines 1,2, and 3 in the poem1 file # as a string. Each line is displayed with a the '\n' formatting character included at the # end of each one. ] review and run example # readline 1, 2, 3 poem_line1 = poem1.readline() poem_line2 = poem1.readline() poem_line3 = poem1.readline()

# [ In this code, the 3 variables that contain the 3 first lines of the file poem1 are added # together and displayed. Since they had '\n' at the end, a newline is displayed in the output # as well. ] review and run example: print the first 3 .readline() values print(poem_line1 + poem_line2 + poem_line3)

# [ In this code, the readline() method is used to read the lines in the poem1 file as a # string. If this cell is run multiple times the next line of the code will displayed # until there are no more strings. The '\n' formatting character is included at the # end of each string. ] review and run example printing return value & re-run several times print(poem1.readline())

# [ In this code, the poem1 file is closed to free resources using the .close() method.] # review and run example to close file in memory- then run previous cell poem1.close()

# [ In this code, a file is imported to this notebook using a curl statement. The file is named rainbow.txt. ] # import https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/rainbow as rainbow.txt !curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/rainbow -o rainbow.txt

# [ In this coode, the above imported file is opened in read mode using the open() method.] open rainbow.txt as rainbow_text rainbow_text = open('rainbow.txt', 'r')

# [ In this code, the first 3 lines of the rainbow.txt file are read and turn into a string using the readline() # method. Each string is stored into a different variable. ] read the first 3 lines into variables: color1, color2, color3 color1 = rainbow_text.readline() color2 = rainbow_text.readline() color3 = rainbow_text.readline()

# [ In this code, the rainbow.txt file is closed using the .close() method. ] close rainbow.txt rainbow_text.close()

# [ In this code, the first 3 lines of the rainbow.txt file are printed including the formatting they had. ] # print the first 3 colors print(color1) print(color2) print(color3)

# [ In this code, the poem1.txt file is opened in read mode using the open() method. ] # review and run example # open address to file poem1 = open('poem1.txt', 'r')

# [The readline() method is used to read the lines of the poem1 text and this is stored in # the poem_line variable. Then, the code below the while loop is executed while the readline() value in # poem_line returns text. Each line is made upper with the .upper() method and displayed.] # remove last character ('\n') and print as upper case poem_line = poem1.readline() while poem_line: print(poem_line[:-1].upper()) poem_line = poem1.readline()

# [ In this code, the poem1 file is closed using the .close() method. ] review and run example poem1.close()

# [ In this code, the rainbow.txt file is opened in read mode using the open() method. This # is stored in the variable rainbow_text.] open rainbow.txt as rainbow_text as read-only rainbow_text = open('rainbow.txt', 'r')

# [The readline() method is used to read the lines of the rainbow_color text and this is stored in # the rainbow_color variable. Then, the code below the while loop is executed while the readline() # value in rainbow_color returns text. Each line is made upper with the .upper() method and then # displayed.] # [ ] read the color from lines of rainbow_text in a while loop # [ ] print each color capitalized as the loop runs rainbow_color = rainbow_text.readline() while rainbow_color: print(rainbow_color[:-1].upper()) rainbow_color = rainbow_text.readline()

# [ In this code, the rainbow_text file is closed using the .close() method. ] # close rainbow_text rainbow_text.close()

# [ In this code, the previous imported file is opened in read mode using the open() method. ] # review and run example # open address to file poem1 = open('poem1.txt', 'r')

# [ The readline() method is used to read the lines of the poem1 text and this is stored in # the poem_line variable. Then, the code below the while loop is executed while the readline() # value in poem_line returns text. Each line is displayed including the '\n' formatting. ] # review and run example - readline while loop without removing '\n' poem_line = poem1.readline() while poem_line: print(poem_line) poem_line = poem1.readline() poem1.close()

# [ In this code, the poem1 file is re-opened in read mode. The variable poem_line contains # the lines of the poem1 file with the leading and trailing whitespace characters removed. # This was done with the .strip() method. Then using a while loop, each string of the file # is printed. ] review and run example - readline with .strip() to remove '\n' poem1 = open('poem1.txt', 'r') poem_line = poem1.readline().strip() while poem_line: print(poem_line) poem_line = poem1.readline().strip() poem1.close()

# [ In this code, the rainbow_text file is opened in read mode using the open() method.] # open rainbow.txt as rainbow_text as read-only rainbow_text = open("rainbow.txt","r")

# [ The variable rainbow_color contains the lines of the rainbow_text file with the leading # and trailing whitespace characters removed. This was done with the .strip() method. Then # using a while loop, each string of the file is made upper and then printed. ] # read a color from each line of rainbow_text in a while loop # use .strip to remove the whitespace '\n' character # print each color upper case rainbow_color = rainbow_text.readline().strip() while rainbow_color: print(rainbow_color.upper()) rainbow_color = rainbow_text.readline().strip() rainbow_text.close()

# [ In this code, a file is imported into this notebook using a curl statement. The file is # named rainbow_messy.txt ] review and run example: import rainbow_messy.txt !curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/rainbow_messy -o rainbow_messy.txt

# [ In this code, the rainbow_messy.txt file is opened in read mode using the open() method. # This is stored in the rainbow_messy variable.] review and run example: open file read only rainbow_messy = open('rainbow_messy.txt', 'r')

# [ In this code, the color variable contains the lines of the rainbow_messy file as strings # since the readline() method is used. Them using a while loop, each string is displayed with # the formatting characters they had. ] review and run example: .readline() without .strip() color = rainbow_messy.readline() while color: print(color) color = rainbow_messy.readline()

# [ The rainbow_messy.txt file is re-opened in read mode using open().Then, the rainbow_messy # variable, which containes the opened file, is used with readline() and strip() to read each # string and remove the formatting characters '*' and '\n'. Using the while loop, each string is # printed and then the file is closed.] review and run example: strip "*" and newline ('\n') rainbow_messy = open('rainbow_messy.txt', 'r') color = rainbow_messy.readline().strip('*\n') while color: print(color) color = rainbow_messy.readline().strip('*\n') rainbow_messy.close()

# [ In this code, a file is imported into this notebook using a curl statement. The file is named cities_messy.txt ] # import the file !curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/cities_messy -o cities_messy.txt

# [ The cities_messy.txt file is opened in read mode using open(). This is stored in the cities_messy variable] # run to read the file into memory cities_messy = open('cities_messy.txt', 'r')

# [The cities_messy variable, which containes the opened file, is used with readline() and strip() # to read each string and remove the formatting characters ':', "", and '\n'. Using the while # loop, each string is printed and then the file is closed. ] edit the code to remove leading or # trailing colon, newline and space characters line = cities_messy.readline().strip(":\n''") while line: print(line) line = cities_messy.readline().strip(":\n''")

# [ In this code, a file is imported into this notebook using a curl statement. The file is # named poem2_messy.txt ] import https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/poem2_messy as poem2_messy.txt !curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/poem2_messy -o poem2_messy.txt

# [ In this code, the poem2_messy.txt is opened in read mode using the open() method. This is stored in the # poem2_messy variable ] open poem2_messy.txt as poem2_messy in read mode poem2_messy = open("poem2_messy.txt","r")

# In this code, the poem2_messy file is read line by line and each one loads as a string. # Then using strip("()\n"), the parentheses and newline format are removed from the strings. # Using a while loop, each line is then printed without () and \n. # [ ] edit while loop to strip the leading and trailing parenthesis, and newlines # [ ] print the poem line = poem2_messy.readline().strip("()\n") while line: print(line) line = poem2_messy.readline().strip("()\n")