# Charles Edgar # November 4, 2021 # In this lesson I learned how to open and read files in code. # I did not have much difficulty in this lesson. The !curl command and some of the outputs seemed # a little confusing at first, but once I broke them down and looked at them piece by piece, it # became much easier to understand.

# [ ] review and run example # Import poem1.txt !curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/poem1.txt -o poem1.txt

# [ ]Run to open the file in memory as poem_file poem_file = open('poem1.txt', 'r')

# [ ] run and review code to test if open worked # should display name='poem1.txt' and no errors poem_file

# [ ] import cities.txt !curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/cities -o cities.txt

# [ ] open cities.txt as cities_file cities_file = open('cities.txt', 'r') # [ ] test cities.txt was opened print(cities_file)

# [ ] review and run example # Assigns the content of poem_file to a variable poem_contents = poem_file.read()

# [ ] review and run example # shows the file as a string with formatting characters such as "\n", output should be non-blank poem_contents

# [ ] review and run example # since .read() loaded the file as a string it can be printed print(poem_contents)

# [ ] after import and open of cities.txt in task 1 # [ ] read cities_file as cities cities = cities_file.read() # [ ] display the string: cities cities

# [ ] print the string: cities print(cities)

# [ ] review and run example to read poem1.txt 10 characters at a time # Opens poem1.txt poem_file = open('poem1.txt', 'r') # Reads the first 10 characters poem_10char = poem_file.read(10) # Prints the first 10 characters print(poem_10char) # Displays first 10 characters poem_10char

# [ ] review and run example, + 10 more characters # reads and displays without storing in a variable poem_file.read(10)

# [ ] review and run example, + 10 more characters # reads and stores in variable poem_parts poem_parts = poem_file.read(10) print(poem_parts)

# [ ] REPEATEDLY RUN this cell, + 5 more characters each time run are appended using string addition # [ ] consider why no additional text displays after multiple runs poem_parts += poem_file.read(5) print(poem_parts)

# [ ] digits of pi # 1. import digits_of_pi.txt !curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/digits_of_pi -o digits_of_pi.txt

# [ ] digits of pi # 2. open as digits_of_pi_text digits_of_pi_text = open('digits_of_pi.txt', 'r') # 3. read() 4 char of digits_of_pi_text to pi_digits variable pi_digits = digits_of_pi_text.read(4) # 4. print pi_digits print(pi_digits)

# [ ] digits of pi # 5. add to pi_digits string with string addition # a. add next 4 characters from digits_of_pi obtained from read() pi_digits += digits_of_pi_text.read(4) # b. run the cell multiple times to get more digits of *pi* print(pi_digits)

# [ ] review and run example # Opens poem1.txt poem_file = open('poem1.txt', 'r') # Reads the first 15 characters as uppercased into variable poem_part poem_part = poem_file.read(15).upper() # Print poem_part print(poem_part)

# [ ] review and run example # Reads the next 6 characters in title format into variable poem_part = poem_file.read(6).title() # Print poem_part print(poem_part)

# [ ] review and run example # Reads the next 6 characters into variable poem_part = poem_file.read(6) # Print poem_part print(poem_part) # Prints message explaining why poem_part is not all alphabetical print(poem_part.isalpha(), "isalpha() because of `\\n`") # Display poem_part poem_part

# [ ] review and run example # Opens poem1.txt poem_file = open('poem1.txt', 'r') # Reads file into variable poem_text = poem_file.read() # Prints the poem from the 8th to the 26th character print(poem_text[8:26])

# [ ] complete the task # Opens cities.txt and reads it into a variable cities_file = open('cities.txt', 'r') cities = cities_file.read() # Defines empty string initials = '' # Appends uppercase and newline characters in cities to initials for city in cities: if city.isupper(): initials += city elif city == '\n': initials += city # Prints initials of each city print(initials)