# %cd command_line # Note: #Above was the original code given by Microsoft. # This will work the first time, but if you re-run these cells # you may encounter errors so we changed it to... # ************** DO NOT MODIFY OR ADD ANYTHING TO THIS CODE SEGMENT *********** # ************** Click Edit> Clear All Outputs *********** # ************** This code segment must be run before attempting any of the tasks or examples in this lesson ******************** # ************** This cell is a reset cell to remove (if they exist) the parent_dir and any children or leaves # It prepares the directories and files necessary to run the examples and complete the tasks. # This cell can be run first then all others cells in this notebook can be run, then this cell can be rerun # This is the reset. It uses the import shutil (or shell utility) which you will learn later in the course import os, shutil # shutil = shell utility has an important method called rmtree() # linux does not have an equivalent command! # Navigate to `library` directory (if not already in it) current_path = os.getcwd() print(current_path) if ("content" in current_path): #JGif ("library" in current_path): nb_path = current_path.split("content")[0] # nb_path = the 1st item in the split list else: nb_path = current_path print("Changing working dir to directory above parent_dir") os.chdir(os.path.join(nb_path)) current_path = os.getcwd() print("Current working directory:", current_path) if (os.path.exists('parent_dir') == True): shutil.rmtree('parent_dir') os.mkdir('parent_dir') os.chdir('parent_dir') os.mkdir('child1_dir') os.chdir('../') current_path = os.getcwd() print("Current working directory:", current_path)# #this magic code will be used as a reset the linux directory so the notebook can be rerun %mkdir command_line %cd command_line !pwd

%%writefile main_script.py # Start of Python code # Will be called from another script def func(): print("Running func") # Execute when running the script directly def main(): print("Running the main function") if __name__ == "__main__": main()

%%bash python3 main_script.py

%%writefile secondary_script.py # Start of Python code import main_script # call func() from the main script main_script.func()

%%bash python3 secondary_script.py

# [ ] The following program asks the user for a circle radius then display the area and circumference # Modify the program so it only displays the information when executed directly # Hint: that would include name and main in there somehwere # The program should not display anything if it is imported as a module from math import pi def circle_area(r): return pi * (r ** 2) def circle_circumference(r): return 2 * pi * r radius = float(input("Enter radius: ")) x = __name__ if x == "__main__": print("Area =", circle_area(radius)) print("Circumference =", circle_circumference(radius))

%cd command_line

%%bash ls

%%bash ls -l

%%bash ls -l -a

!pwd

%%bash ls -l ../parent_dir

%cd command_line

%pwd # notice you are still in command_line

%%writefile command_line.py import sys # Number of arguments argc = len(sys.argv) print(argc, "arguments and options were passed") # List of arguments and options print("The arguments and options passed are: ") for i in range(argc): print("argv[{:d}] = {}".format(i, sys.argv[i]))

%%bash python3 command_line.py arg1 arg2 -option1 -option2

%pwd # notice you are still in command_line

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program print(randint(0, 10))

%%bash python3 rand.py

%%bash python3 rand.py -i

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program for i in range(args.count): print(randint(0, 10))

%%bash python3 rand.py

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

%%bash python3 rand.py 4

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-r', '--range', metavar = 'number', nargs = 2, type = int, default = [0, 10], help = 'Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers will be chosen') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program for i in range(args.count): print(randint(args.range[0], args.range[1]))

%%bash python3 rand.py 4

%%bash python3 rand.py 4 -r 500 1000

%%bash python3 rand.py 4 --range 500 1000

%%bash python3 rand.py 10 -r 500 1000

%%bash python3 rand.py

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-r', '--range', metavar = ('lower', 'upper'), nargs = 2, type = int, default = [0, 10], help = 'Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers will be chosen') # parse command line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # program for i in range(args.count): print(randint(args.range[0], args.range[1]))

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', metavar = 'rands', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-r', '--range', metavar = ('lower', 'upper'), nargs = 2, type = int, default = [0, 10], help = 'Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers will be chosen') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program for i in range(args.count): # still accessed as args.count (not args.rands) print(randint(args.range[0], args.range[1]))

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-r', '--range', metavar = ('lower', 'upper'), nargs = 2, type = int, default = [0, 10], help = 'Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers will be chosen') parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action = 'store_true', help = 'Verbose mode') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program if args.verbose: print("Generating {:d} random integer in the range [{:d}, {:d}]".format(args.count, args.range[0], args.range[1])) for i in range(args.count): print(randint(args.range[0], args.range[1]))

%%bash python3 rand.py 4 --range 500 1000 -v

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', action = 'store', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-r', '--range', metavar = ('lower', 'upper'), nargs = 2, type = int, default = [0, 10], help = 'Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers will be chosen') parser.add_argument('-c', '--const', action = 'store_const', const = 10, default = 0, help = 'Generate 10 additional random numbers (in addition to Count)') parser.add_argument('-m', '--multiply', action = 'count', help = 'Multiply the number of random numbers by the number of times this flag appears') parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action = 'store_true', help = 'Verbose mode') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program # If args.const is used, add 10 to the count entered by the user num_of_rands = (args.count + args.const) # When args.multiply is not used, its value is None if (args.multiply != None): num_of_rands = num_of_rands * args.multiply if args.verbose: print("Generating {:d} random integer in the range [{:d}, {:d}]".format(num_of_rands, args.range[0], args.range[1])) for i in range(num_of_rands): print(randint(args.range[0], args.range[1]))

%%bash python3 rand.py 4 --range 500 1000 -v -c

%%bash python3 rand.py 4 --range 500 1000 -v -mmm

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

%%writefile day_finder.py # [ ] Write a program that reads a date (month, day, year) as command-line arguments in order # then prints the day of the week for that date. # If an optional flag (-c or --complete) is specified, the program should print the full date (not only the day of the week). # The help message should look like: ''' usage: day_finder.py [-h] [-c] month day year positional arguments: month Month as a number (1, 12) day Day as a number (1, 31) depending on the month year Year as a 4 digits number (2018) optional arguments: -h, --help show this help message and exit -c, --complete Show complete formatted date ''' import argparse from datetime import datetime # IMPORTANT - all previous cells need to have been run (in order) BEFORE writing and running this cell. # HINT: Use a date object with strftime # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('month', action= 'store', type= int, help = 'Month as a number (1, 12)') parser.add_argument('day', action= 'store', type= int, help = ' Day as a number (1, 31) depending on the month') parser.add_argument('year', action= 'store', type= int, help = 'Year as a 4 digits number (2018)') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-c', '--complete', type=bool, default=False, help='Show complete formatted date' ) # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() x = datetime(args.year, args.month, args.day) x = x.strftime("%A %d %b %y") x = x.split(" ") if args.complete != True: print(x[0]) else: print(x)

from datetime import datetime year1 = 2021 month1 = 4 day1 = 4 x = datetime(year1, month1, day1) x = x.strftime("%A %d %b %y") x = x.split(" ") print(x)

%%bash python3 day_finder.py 12 31 2017 -c True

%%bash python3 day_finder.py 12 31 2017

%%writefile sort_numbers.py # [ ] Write a program that reads an unspecified number of integers from the command line, # then prints out the numbers in an ascending order # The program should have an optional argument to save the sorted numbers as a file named `sorted_numbers.txt` # The help message should look like: ''' usage: sort_numbers.py [-h] [-s] [numbers [numbers ...]] positional arguments: numbers int to be sorted optional arguments: -h, --help show this help message and exit -s, --save save the sorted numbers on a file (sorted_numbers.txt) ''' # IMPORTANT - all previous cells need to have been run (in order) BEFORE writing and running this cell. # --Complete the following-- #HINT: use nargs = '*' in an add_argument method import argparse # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument("numbers", type=str, nargs='*', action ='store', help='int to be sorted' ) # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument("-s", '--save', type=bool, default=False, help='save the sorted numbers on a file (sorted_numbers.txt)') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() templist = [] for x in args.numbers: x = int(x) templist.append(x) y = sorted(templist) print(y) if args.save != True: pass else: with open("sorted_numbers.txt", 'w+') as sortednums: sortednums.write(y)

%%bash python3 sort_numbers.py 23 49 5 300 43 582 58 29 62 69 320 60