Module Ten Lesson Three Practice Activity

#John Bible 12/9/21 #What I learned is the script environment and parsing command-line arguments #What I had trouble with was task 2 part one but I overcame this by looking at the examples again.

# %cd command_line # Note: #Above was the original code given by Microsoft. # This will work the first time, but if you re-run these cells # you may encounter errors so we changed it to... # ************** DO NOT MODIFY OR ADD ANYTHING TO THIS CODE SEGMENT *********** # ************** Click Edit> Clear All Outputs *********** # ************** This code segment must be run before attempting any of the tasks or examples in this lesson ******************** # ************** This cell is a reset cell to remove (if they exist) the parent_dir and any children or leaves # It prepares the directories and files necessary to run the examples and complete the tasks. # This cell can be run first then all others cells in this notebook can be run, then this cell can be rerun # This is the reset. It uses the import shutil (or shell utility) which you will learn later in the course import os, shutil # shutil = shell utility has an important method called rmtree() # linux does not have an equivalent command! # Navigate to `library` directory (if not already in it) current_path = os.getcwd() print(current_path) if ("content" in current_path): #JGif ("library" in current_path): nb_path = current_path.split("content")[0] # nb_path = the 1st item in the split list else: nb_path = current_path print("Changing working dir to directory above parent_dir") os.chdir(os.path.join(nb_path,"content")) current_path = os.getcwd() print("Current working directory:", current_path) if (os.path.exists('parent_dir') == True): shutil.rmtree('parent_dir') os.mkdir('parent_dir') os.chdir('parent_dir') os.mkdir('child1_dir') os.chdir('../') current_path = os.getcwd() print("Current working directory:", current_path)# #this magic code will be used as a reset the linux directory so the notebook can be rerun %mkdir command_line %cd command_line !pwd

/work
Changing working dir to directory above parent_dir

Execution Error

FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/work/content'

%%writefile main_script.py # Start of Python code # Will be called from another script def func(): print("Running func") # Execute when running the script directly def main(): print("Running the main function") if __name__ == "__main__": main()

Overwriting main_script.py

%%bash python3 main_script.py

Running the main function

%%writefile secondary_script.py # Start of Python code import main_script # call func() from the main script main_script.func()

Overwriting secondary_script.py

%%bash python3 secondary_script.py

Running func

# [ ] The following program asks the user for a circle radius then display the area and circumference # Modify the program so it only displays the information when executed directly # Hint: that would include name and main in there somehwere # The program should not display anything if it is imported as a module #This will ask the user for a circle radius then display the area and circumference only if it is executed directly from math import pi def circle_area(r): return pi * (r ** 2) def circle_circumference(r): return 2 * pi * r radius = float(input("Enter radius: ")) print("Area =", circle_area(radius)) print("Circumference =", circle_circumference(radius))

Area = 12.566370614359172
Circumference = 12.566370614359172

%cd command_line

[Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'command_line'
/

%%bash ls

command_line.py
day_finder.py
init.ipynb
JohnBibleModuleTenLessonThreeActivityColab.ipynb
main_script.py
notebook.ipynb
__pycache__
rand.py
secondary_script.py
sort_numbers.py

%%bash ls -l

total 18
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    261 Dec 10 01:15 command_line.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1786 Dec 10 03:13 day_finder.py
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root   4552 Dec 10 01:08 init.ipynb
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 109251 Dec 10 03:39 JohnBibleModuleTenLessonThreeActivityColab.ipynb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    239 Dec 10 03:38 main_script.py
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root   3149 Dec  9 21:16 notebook.ipynb
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root      3 Dec 10 03:38 __pycache__
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1393 Dec 10 01:21 rand.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     98 Dec 10 03:38 secondary_script.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1454 Dec 10 03:37 sort_numbers.py

%%bash ls -l -a

total 31
drwxrwxrwx 4 root root     13 Dec 10 03:39 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root    147 Dec 10 01:18 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    261 Dec 10 01:15 command_line.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1786 Dec 10 03:13 day_finder.py
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root      3 Dec  9 20:44 .deepnote
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root   4552 Dec 10 01:08 init.ipynb
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 109251 Dec 10 03:39 JohnBibleModuleTenLessonThreeActivityColab.ipynb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    239 Dec 10 03:38 main_script.py
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root   3149 Dec  9 21:16 notebook.ipynb
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root      3 Dec 10 03:38 __pycache__
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1393 Dec 10 01:21 rand.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     98 Dec 10 03:38 secondary_script.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1454 Dec 10 03:37 sort_numbers.py

!pwd

/work

%%bash ls -l ../parent_dir

ls: cannot access '../parent_dir': No such file or directory

Execution Error

CalledProcessError: Command 'b'\nls -l ../parent_dir\n'' returned non-zero exit status 2.

%cd command_line

[Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'command_line'
/

%pwd # notice you are still in command_line

%%writefile command_line.py import sys # Number of arguments argc = len(sys.argv) print(argc, "arguments and options were passed") # List of arguments and options print("The arguments and options passed are: ") for i in range(argc): print("argv[{:d}] = {}".format(i, sys.argv[i]))

Overwriting command_line.py

%%bash python3 command_line.py arg1 arg2 -option1 -option2

5 arguments and options were passed
The arguments and options passed are: 
argv[0] = command_line.py
argv[1] = arg1
argv[2] = arg2
argv[3] = -option1
argv[4] = -option2

%pwd # notice you are still in command_line

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program print(randint(0, 10))

Overwriting rand.py

%%bash python3 rand.py

%%bash python3 rand.py -i

usage: rand.py [-h]
rand.py: error: unrecognized arguments: -i

Execution Error

CalledProcessError: Command 'b'\npython3 rand.py -i\n'' returned non-zero exit status 2.

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

usage: rand.py [-h]

optional arguments:
  -h, --help  show this help message and exit

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program for i in range(args.count): print(randint(0, 10))

Overwriting rand.py

%%bash python3 rand.py

usage: rand.py [-h] count
rand.py: error: the following arguments are required: count

Execution Error

CalledProcessError: Command 'b'\npython3 rand.py\n'' returned non-zero exit status 2.

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

usage: rand.py [-h] count

positional arguments:
  count       Count of random integers to be generated

optional arguments:
  -h, --help  show this help message and exit

%%bash python3 rand.py 4

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-r', '--range', metavar = 'number', nargs = 2, type = int, default = [0, 10], help = 'Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers will be chosen') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program for i in range(args.count): print(randint(args.range[0], args.range[1]))

Overwriting rand.py

%%bash python3 rand.py 4

%%bash python3 rand.py 4 -r 500 1000

%%bash python3 rand.py 4 --range 500 1000

%%bash python3 rand.py 10 -r 500 1000

%%bash python3 rand.py

usage: rand.py [-h] [-r number number] count
rand.py: error: the following arguments are required: count

Execution Error

CalledProcessError: Command 'b'\npython3 rand.py\n'' returned non-zero exit status 2.

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

usage: rand.py [-h] [-r number number] count

positional arguments:
  count                 Count of random integers to be generated

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -r number number, --range number number
                        Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers
                        will be chosen

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-r', '--range', metavar = ('lower', 'upper'), nargs = 2, type = int, default = [0, 10], help = 'Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers will be chosen') # parse command line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # program for i in range(args.count): print(randint(args.range[0], args.range[1]))

Overwriting rand.py

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

usage: rand.py [-h] [-r lower upper] count

positional arguments:
  count                 Count of random integers to be generated

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -r lower upper, --range lower upper
                        Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers
                        will be chosen

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', metavar = 'rands', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-r', '--range', metavar = ('lower', 'upper'), nargs = 2, type = int, default = [0, 10], help = 'Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers will be chosen') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program for i in range(args.count): # still accessed as args.count (not args.rands) print(randint(args.range[0], args.range[1]))

Overwriting rand.py

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

usage: rand.py [-h] [-r lower upper] rands

positional arguments:
  rands                 Count of random integers to be generated

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -r lower upper, --range lower upper
                        Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers
                        will be chosen

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-r', '--range', metavar = ('lower', 'upper'), nargs = 2, type = int, default = [0, 10], help = 'Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers will be chosen') parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action = 'store_true', help = 'Verbose mode') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program if args.verbose: print("Generating {:d} random integer in the range [{:d}, {:d}]".format(args.count, args.range[0], args.range[1])) for i in range(args.count): print(randint(args.range[0], args.range[1]))

Overwriting rand.py

%%bash python3 rand.py 4 --range 500 1000 -v

Generating 4 random integer in the range [500, 1000]
700
910
647
794

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

usage: rand.py [-h] [-r lower upper] [-v] count

positional arguments:
  count                 Count of random integers to be generated

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -r lower upper, --range lower upper
                        Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers
                        will be chosen
  -v, --verbose         Verbose mode

%%writefile rand.py import argparse from random import randint # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('count', action = 'store', type = int, help = 'Count of random integers to be generated') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-r', '--range', metavar = ('lower', 'upper'), nargs = 2, type = int, default = [0, 10], help = 'Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers will be chosen') parser.add_argument('-c', '--const', action = 'store_const', const = 10, default = 0, help = 'Generate 10 additional random numbers (in addition to Count)') parser.add_argument('-m', '--multiply', action = 'count', help = 'Multiply the number of random numbers by the number of times this flag appears') parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action = 'store_true', help = 'Verbose mode') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() # Program # If args.const is used, add 10 to the count entered by the user num_of_rands = (args.count + args.const) # When args.multiply is not used, its value is None if (args.multiply != None): num_of_rands = num_of_rands * args.multiply if args.verbose: print("Generating {:d} random integer in the range [{:d}, {:d}]".format(num_of_rands, args.range[0], args.range[1])) for i in range(num_of_rands): print(randint(args.range[0], args.range[1]))

Overwriting rand.py

%%bash python3 rand.py 4 --range 500 1000 -v -c

Generating 14 random integer in the range [500, 1000]
551
817
506
828
920
899
692
731
605
770
900
695
729
676

%%bash python3 rand.py 4 --range 500 1000 -v -mmm

Generating 12 random integer in the range [500, 1000]
840
626
961
646
873
868
804
998
500
969
949
778

%%bash python3 rand.py -h

usage: rand.py [-h] [-r lower upper] [-c] [-m] [-v] count

positional arguments:
  count                 Count of random integers to be generated

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -r lower upper, --range lower upper
                        Integer range [a, b] from which the random numbers
                        will be chosen
  -c, --const           Generate 10 additional random numbers (in addition to
                        Count)
  -m, --multiply        Multiply the number of random numbers by the number of
                        times this flag appears
  -v, --verbose         Verbose mode

%%writefile day_finder.py # [ ] Write a program that reads a date (month, day, year) as command-line arguments in order # then prints the day of the week for that date. # If an optional flag (-c or --complete) is specified, the program should print the full date (not only the day of the week). #This will read a date as command-line arguments in order then print the day of the week for that date and if an optional is specified it will print the full date # The help message should look like: ''' usage: day_finder.py [-h] [-c] month day year positional arguments: month Month as a number (1, 12) day Day as a number (1, 31) depending on the month year Year as a 4 digits number (2018) optional arguments: -h, --help show this help message and exit -c, --complete Show complete formatted date ''' # IMPORTANT - all previous cells need to have been run (in order) BEFORE writing and running this cell. import argparse from datetime import datetime # HINT: Use a date object with strftime # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('month', action = 'store', type = int, help = 'Month as a number (1, 12)') parser.add_argument('day', action = 'store', type = int, help = 'Day as a number (1, 31) depending on the month') parser.add_argument('year', action = 'store', type = int, help = 'Year as a 4 digits number (2018)') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-c', '--complete', action = 'store_true', help = 'Show complete formatted date') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() if args.complete: print(datetime(args.year,args.month,args.day).strftime("%A"),args.month,args.day,args.year) print(datetime(args.year,args.month,args.day).strftime("%A"))

Overwriting day_finder.py

%%bash python3 day_finder.py 12 31 2017 -c

Sunday 12 31 2017
Sunday

%%bash python3 day_finder.py 12 31 2017

Sunday

%%writefile sort_numbers.py # [ ] Write a program that reads an unspecified number of integers from the command line, # then prints out the numbers in an ascending order # The program should have an optional argument to save the sorted numbers as a file named `sorted_numbers.txt` #This will read an unspecified number of integers from the command line then prints out the numbers in an ascending order # The help message should look like: ''' usage: sort_numbers.py [-h] [-s] [numbers [numbers ...]] positional arguments: numbers int to be sorted optional arguments: -h, --help show this help message and exit -s, --save save the sorted numbers on a file (sorted_numbers.txt) ''' # IMPORTANT - all previous cells need to have been run (in order) BEFORE writing and running this cell. import argparse # --Complete the following-- #HINT: use nargs = '*' in an add_argument method # Define an argument parser object parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() # Add positional arguments parser.add_argument('numbers', action = 'store', nargs="*", type = int, help = 'int to be sorted') # Add optional arguments parser.add_argument('-s', '--save', action = 'store_true', help = 'save the sorted numbers on a file (sorted_numbers.txt)') # Parse command-line arguments args = parser.parse_args() if args.save: with open(sorted_numbers.txt,"r+") as sorted_numbers: print(sorted_numbers.write(sorted(args.numbers))) close(sorted_numbers) print(sorted(args.numbers))

Overwriting sort_numbers.py

%%bash python3 sort_numbers.py 23 49 5 300 43 582 58 29 62 69 320 60

[5, 23, 29, 43, 49, 58, 60, 62, 69, 300, 320, 582]