# Zhi Yuan "Oscar" Lin # 8 November 2021 # In this lab, it was mainly review of what were taught in the previous lessons. The following are some of what were # reviewed: commenting, importing by using the !curl command, opening with a mode, closing a file by using the file method # ".close()", using other file methods such ".read()", ".readline()", and ".readlines()", initializing and using variables, # and using built-in functions such as "len()", "int()", "input()", and "print()". # There were no major problems or questions throughout this lab.

# [ ] import https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/rainbow as rainbow.txt # This program imports a file named "rainbow.txt" by using the !curl command. !curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/rainbow -o rainbow.txt

# [ ] Open rainbow.txt in read mode & read as list with .readlines() # The variable "cities_file" is assigned to the return file object from using the open() function to open the file named # "cities.txt" in read mode, and text mode by default. rainbow_text = open('rainbow.txt', 'r') # The variable "rainbow_lines" is assigned to the value assigned to the rainbow_text variable, after each line of the value # assigned to the rainbow_text variable is converted into a list item due to the file method ".readlines()". rainbow_lines = rainbow_text.readlines()

# [ ] sort rainbow_colors list, iterate the list to print each color # The variable "sort_rainbow_lines" is assigned to the given value when the value assigned to the rainbow_lines variable # is sorted alphabetically due to the sorted() function. sort_rainbow_lines = sorted(rainbow_lines) # This function displays the value assigned to the sort_rainbow_lines variable in the output. print(sort_rainbow_lines) # This program removes the reference created by the file open() function that is assigned to the rainbow_text variable, by # using the file method ".close()". rainbow_text.close()

# [ ] The Weather: import world_mean_team.csv as mean_temp.txt # This program imports a file named "mean_temp.txt" by using the !curl command. !curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/world_temp_mean.csv -o mean_temp.txt

# [ ] The Weather: open file, read/print first line, convert line to list (splitting on comma) # The variable "mean_temp_file" is assigned to the return file object from using the open() function to open the file named # "mean_temp.txt" in read mode, and text mode by default. mean_temp_file = open('mean_temp.txt', 'r') # The variable "headings" is assigned to the string form of the first line of the value assigned to the mean_temp_file # variable due to the file method ".readline()". headings = mean_temp_file.readline() # This function displays the value assigned to the headings variable in the output. print(headings) # The variable "headings_list" is assigned to the value assigned to the headings variable after it is split into a list of # strings due to headings variable being attach to the string method ".split()". However, in this case, characters are # splited by every "," character, instead of the default character " ". headings_list = headings.split(',') # This function displays the value assigned to the headings_list variable in the output. print(headings_list)

# [ ] The Weather: use while loop to print city and highest monthly average temp in celsius # The variable "city_temp" is assigned to the string form of the first line of the value assigned to the mean_temp_file # variable due to the file method ".readline()". city_temp = mean_temp_file.readline() # The variable "city_infi" is assigned to the value assigned to the city_temp variable after it is split into a list of # strings due to city_temp variable being attach to the string method ".split()". However, in this case, characters are # splited by every "," character, instead of the default character " ". city_info = city_temp.split(',') # In this case, the while loop is followed by the variable "city_temp". Hence, it will evaluate true as long there there # is a value assigned to the city_temp variable. Additionally, the codes that are indented and follow the while loop # will be part of the loop. Thus, the loop starts with the 1st substring of the value assigned to the city_info variable, # the string ": " and the 3rd substring of the value assigned to the city_info variable, in the output. Subseqeuntly, # the city_temp variable is reassigned to the string form of the next line of the value assigned to the mean_temp_file # variable due to the file method ".readline()". Additionally, the city_info variable will be reassigned to the city_temp # variable after it is split into a list of strings due to city_temp variable being attach to the string method ".split()". # However, in this case, characters are splited by every "," character, instead of the default character " ". This loop will # continue until the while loop evaluates false. while city_temp: print(city_info[0] + ': ' + city_info[2]) city_temp = mean_temp_file.readline() city_info = city_temp.split(',') # This program removes the reference created by the file open() function that is assigned to the mean_temp_file variable, by # using the file method ".close()". mean_temp_file.close()

# [ ] use curl to download https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/digits_of_pi as pi.txt # This program imports a file name "pi.txt" by using the !curl command. !curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/digits_of_pi -o pi.txt

# [ ] Set up the project files and initial values # The variable "pi_file" is assigned to the return file object from using the open() function to open the file named # "pi.txt" in read mode, and text mode by default. pi_file = open('pi.txt', 'r') # The variable "name" will be assign to the entry the user inputs when presented with the string "Enter your name: ". name = input("Enter your name: ") # This function displays the string "Hi", and the value assigned to the name variable in the output. print("Hi", name) # The variable "seed" is assigned to the given value when determining the length of the value assigned to the name variable # by using the len() function. seed = len(name) # This line of code moves the pointer to the position of the value assigned to the seed variable in the value assigned to # the pi_file variable, due to the file method ".seek()". pi_file.seek(seed) # The variable "digit" is assigned to the first character that is given when the pi_file variable is attached to the file # method ".read()". digit = pi_file.read(1) # The variable "guess" will be assigned to the entry the user inputs when presented with the string "Enter a single digit # guess or "q" to quit". guess = input('Enter a single digit guess or "q" to quit') # The variable "correct" is assgined to the integer "0". correct = 0 # The variable "wrong" is assgined to the integer "0". wrong = 0

# In this case, the while loop is written with the keyword "True". Hence, it cannot evaluate anything but true. Additionally, # the codes that are indented and follow the while loop will be part of the loop. Thus, the loop starts with an IF statement. # The IF statment determines if the value assigned to the digit variable is equal to the string "." If true, the digit # variable will be reassigned to the next character of the value assigned to the pi_file variable due to the file method # ".read()". If false, the program moves on and the elif statement determines if the value assigned to the digit variable is # equal to the escape character "\n". If true, the seed variable will be reassigned to the given value, when determining the # length of the value assigned to the name variable by using the len() function, incremented by the integer "1", after the # given value is changed into an integer due to the int() function. Subsequently, there is a line of code that moves the # pointer to the position of the value assigned to the seed variable in the value assigned to the pi_file variable, due to # the file method ".seek()". If also false, the program moves on and the next elif statement will determine if the value # assigned to guess variable is equal to the value assigned to the digit variable. If true, the string "correct", that is # within the parentheses of a print() function, will be display in the output. Additionally, the correct variable will be # increment by the integer "1". If also false, the program moves on and the next elif statement determines if the value # assigned to the guess variable is equal to the string "q". If true, the loop will end due to the keyword "break". If also # false, the program moves on to the else statement with the string "incorrect", that is within the parentheses of a print() # function, will be display in the output. Additionally, the wrong variable will be increment by the integer "1". This loop # continues until the user inputs an entry, that will be assign to the guess variable, that is equal to the string "q". while True: if digit == ".": digit = pi_file.read(1) elif digit == "\n": seed = int(len(name)) + 1 pi_file.seek(seed) elif guess == digit: print("correct") correct += 1 elif guess == "q": break else: print("incorrect") wrong += 1 guess = input('Enter a single digit guess or "q" to quit') # This function displays an empty line in the output due to the empty argument. print() # This function displays the value assigned to the name variable, the string "'s ", and the string "score: " in the output. print(name + "'s " + "score: ") # This function displays the string "Correct", and the value assigned to the correct variable in the output. print("Correct:", correct) # This function displays the string "Wrong:", and the value assigned to the wrong variable in the output. print("Wrong:", wrong) # This program removes the reference created by the file open() function that is assigned to the pi_file variable, by # using the file method ".close()". pi_file.close()